Introduction
Premenstrual syndrome (PMS) is a common condition that affects many women during their reproductive years. The symptoms of PMS can vary widely, but often include mood swings, irritability, fatigue, and cognitive disturbances. Understanding the cognitive function of females with PMS is crucial for improving their quality of life and developing targeted interventions. In this study, we utilized Near-Infrared Spectroscopy (NIRS) to characterize the cognitive function of women with PMS during the follicular and luteal phases.
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Cognitive Function Evaluation in Premenstrual Syndrome During Different Menstrual Phases
The level of brain activity in women with PMS can fluctuate throughout their menstrual cycle. During the follicular phase, which occurs before ovulation, women may experience improvements in cognitive function and mood. However, the luteal phase, which occurs after ovulation and before menstruation, is often associated with cognitive impairments and emotional disturbances.
Assessing Neurocognitive Changes with NIRS
Near-Infrared Spectroscopy (NIRS) is a non-invasive neuroimaging technique that allows for the measurement of brain activity by detecting changes in blood oxygenation levels. In our study, we used NIRS to assess the cognitive function of women with PMS during different menstrual phases. By comparing the brain activity patterns between the follicular and luteal phases, we aimed to gain insights into the neural mechanisms underlying cognitive changes in PMS.
Methodology
We recruited a group of women with diagnosed PMS and a control group of healthy women without PMS. Participants underwent cognitive tasks while wearing an NIRS device to measure brain activity. The tasks included memory tests, attention tasks, and emotional processing tasks. Brain activity was recorded during both the follicular and luteal phases of the menstrual cycle to capture the dynamic changes in cognitive function.
Results
Our findings revealed significant differences in brain activity patterns between women with PMS and healthy controls. During the luteal phase, women with PMS showed reduced activation in brain regions associated with cognitive control and emotional regulation compared to the follicular phase. These differences were particularly pronounced in tasks requiring sustained attention and working memory.
Implications and Future Directions
The results of our study have important implications for the understanding and management of cognitive function in women with PMS. By identifying the specific neural correlates of cognitive impairments during the luteal phase, we can develop targeted interventions to alleviate symptoms and improve cognitive performance. Future research could explore the effects of hormone fluctuations on brain activity and cognitive function in women with PMS, providing further insights into the underlying mechanisms of this complex condition.
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